Philadelphia – The Gray Pre-Cancer Atlas project is using a range of newly developed single cell and spatial profiling technologies, in addition to more traditional genomic and cell biology approaches, to study human tumors. Spatial profiling methods such as highly multiplexed tissue imaging, spatial transcriptomics, and spatial proteomics make it possible to identify the positions, activities, and interactions of different cell types within the 3D tumor microenvironment. They promise to provide significant new insights into cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis drug resistance. Together, we expect that these data – in combination with carefully curated information on patients – will transform how BRCA1/2 mutation-associated cancers are prevented, detected, and managed.